“Bedside Assessment of Heel Lance Pain in the Hospitalized Infant”: A Critique of the Study by Harrison, Evans, Johnston, and Loughnans
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A 9 page overview of the procedures and findings in this study designed to provide a quantitative analysis of pain in neonates when undergoing a heel lance procedure. This study is unique in that it evaluates the feasibility of assessing pain among a particular difficult population, newborn infants who can not verbally communicate their pain or allow the researcher any means of utilizing patient self-assessment of pain as can occur in older patients. While some behavioral and physiological manifestations such as facial expression and heart rate were determined to be reliable indicators of pain others such as body movement were found unreliable. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PPheelLn.rtf

“Inside the Womb”: A Review of the Article by Madeleine Nash
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A 5 page review of an article celebrating the complexity of human life and our understanding of that life. In it author Madeleine Nash traces human development from the point of fertilization of the egg to birth, noting the similarities which exist between human life forms and non-human. Nash’s article, although replete with technical details, manages to captivate the interest of the reader while at the same time instill a scientific understanding of fertilization, cellular development, embryonic maturation, and birth as well as the genetic and prenatal factors which affect those processes. No additional sources listed.
Filename: PPwomb.rtf

“Muscle protein degradation and exercise”
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An eight page paper which looks at the way in which exercise affects the processes of muscle protein degradation and synthesis, with relation to periods of exercise and recovery. The effects of hormonal imbalances on the rate of protein synthesis are also considered, in terms of the ways in which they affect metabolism and the balancing of nutritional intake. Bibliography lists 8 sources
Filename: JLmuscprotein.wps